Published in the Circus Fans Association of America's periodical White Tops in the 1960s, Charles Gates Sturtevant compiled this list of circus performances in early times in America, and of the later organized travelling circuses for each year down to 1952. He compiled this valuable resource from the records of newspapers, theatrical and sporting journals, programs, bills, posters, route books and other sources. There will be typographical and other errors in this information. Additional sources should be used to confirm the information. Optical Character recognition (OCR) was used for this online edition. Sources and Abbreviations Sturtevant uses.

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For information on the circuses and traveling shows prior to 1861, be sure to also consult Stuart Thayer's
Annals of the American Circus 1793-1860.

Items dated 1724 to 1793 are not circus performances in the accepted sense. - Stuart Thayer

1724	A tight rope performance and other acts at Philadelphia Pa. (N.Y. Clipper Feb. 25, 1911)
1753	Aug 20 at New York. Anthony Dugee [Dungee], slack wire and stiff rope artist. Assisted by female Samson.
1771	M. F. Faulkes' equestrian act at Philadelphia (Clipper Feb 25 1911)
1771	John Sharpe's equestrian performance at Salem Mass N 19. (Greenwoods Book p 59)
1772	Jacob Bates equestrian performance, Philadelphia
1773	Jacob Bates equestrian performance at New York June 2 (Greenwood p 62)
1773	Benjamin Abram, juggler & balancer New York N 8. (Weekly Mercury)
1774	John Brenon Mch 3rd slack wire artist assisted by M Johnson New York.
1774	This year an act of Congress forbade all such performances.
1780	Templeman's slack wire performances Philadelphia from Dublin. (Greenwood p 64)
1785	Pool's circus performance Baltimore June 23 (old bill owned by Al Fostelle) (also Penn. Packet & Daily Advertiser Aug 27 1785)
1785	Pool's equestrian performance at Philadelphia Aug 24 (Greenwood p 66-7)
1786	Pool appeared in New York and Boston
1787	John Brenon's slack wire performance New York (Advertiser July 18 - Greenwood)
1789	F 19 Murray a tight wire dancer & tumbler at Salem Mass. (Rev Wm Bentley's Diary)
1789	July 22-29 at Salem Mass. The Italian Co. Donegani, slack rope tight wire and tumbling. (per Salem Mercury)
1790	John Brenon's wire and magic acts with his wife as assistant at Salem Mass.
1790	Bennet, an American wire dancer at Salem Mass Jan 8 (Rev Wm Bentley's Diary )
1791	Don Pedro Cloris, wire act and tumbling at Newberryport Mass. (Handbill Aug 7)
1791	Donegani and Troupe in N. Y. Wire act, Tumbling, Leaping etc. (Jan 8 ad in Advertiser)
1792	Peter Cloris, formerly of Italian Troupe now has his own company in New York. Wire etc. (May 18 ad Advertiser)
1792	Mons Placide and Martine tight and slack rope. Mme Placide rope and dancing Boston Aug 10.
1792	Placicie's Troupe, including Roberts on Tight Rope at Salem Mass
1792	John Bill Rickett's Circus at Philadelphia Oct 22 (Clipper Feb 25 1911 )
1793	John Bill Rickett's Circus Philadelphia attended by General George Washington April 22. June 15 (Daily Advertiser) in N. Y. Aug 21.
1793	Placide's Co. including Harrington on wire at Boston Jan 25th [Placide's Co. was a hall show. - Stuart Thayer]
1793	Manley and Hearn, tumblers etc at Boston. (Ad in American Apollo Aug 9, 23, 30.) [Manley & Hearn was a hall show. - Stuart Thayer]
1794	Thomas Swann's Circus in New York
1794	Rickett's Circus at Philadelphia Sept 23 (General Advertiser Sept 23)
1795	Rickett's Equestrian Circus Hartford Conn J B & F B Ricketts Mr Sully, Master Long Aug 18-24 in N Y in Sept. Ricketts Circus at Albany N Y no date (Hand bill in Walsh Collection)
1795	Rickett's Circus in N Y May 7 (Clipper July 1, 1871)
1797	Rickett's Circus in Philadelphia Jan 24 (in N Y Mr 9)
1797	Lailson's circus opened 5th & Prune sts Philadelphia (Clipper Annual 1874 - Porcupine Gaz. Phila. Jy 10 1797)
1798	Lailson's Circus at Charleston S. C. S 23-24 N 29-30 D 24-27 (Local Papers) [Lailson in Charleston S. C. Nov 29 to Mar 2, 1798. - Stuart Thayer]
1798	Rickett's Circus at Phila. In N Y Dec 13 (O'Dell's Records) [Ricketts was not in Philadelphia in this year. He played New York Dec. 6 to 25. - Stuart Thayer]
1799	Lailson's and Jaymond's Circus at New York
1799	Rickett's Circus in Philadelphia Building burned in December.
1800	Robertson's Circus [Robertson's Circus exists nowhere in the ads for 1800. - Stuart Thayer]
1801	Don Pedro Cloris, wire & tumbler & Maginnis' automatons Jan 1 Salem Mass. (Old Bill) [Don Pedro Cloris presented a hall show, not a circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1801	Rannie, (The elder) wire walker, magic and Mimic at New York Dec. (Ad in Commercial Advertiser) [Rannie presented a hall show. - Stuart Thayer]
1801	Robertson's Circus
1802	Thomas Franklin's Circus (Robertson Mgr.) at Vauxhall Gardens N.Y.C. Sept.
1803	Robertson's Circus
1803	Cayetano Italian Circus.
1804	Rannie in New York after west indies tour. (Per ads and cuts in Chronicle and Post-Jno Dingess Book)
1804	Davis Boston Circus
1805	Robertson's Circus
1806	Pepin, Breschard & Guitanos' Circus Boston Mass. (Local papers and Clipper March 11, 1911) [Pepin & Breschard were not in Boston until 1807. - Stuart Thayer]
1806	Olympic Front Street Old Town Baltimore opened as Circus. (Clipper Annual 1874)
1806	Robertson's Circus
1807	Pepin & Breschard at Charlestown Mass Dec 22 [1807 Pepin & Breschard at Charlestown, and 1808 Pepin & Breschard at Boston are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1807	Robertson's Circus
1808	Pepin & Breschard's Circus at Boston (per ad in Independent Chronicle) [1807 Pepin & Breschard at Charlestown, and 1808 Pepin & Breschard at Boston are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1808	Robertson's Circus [No Robertson's Circus found in this year. - Stuart Thayer]
1809	Pepin & Breschard's French Circus, Philadelphia and New York (Commercial Register May 22) (Clipper March 11, 1911) Taunton Mass. Sept 4th 1809 [1809 Pepin & Breschard's French Circus and 1809 Walnut Street Amphitheater are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1809	Walnut St. Amphitheatre opened Feb 2 Philadelphia for equestrian performances. (Clipper Sept 14 1872 - Clipper Annual 1874) [1809 Pepin & Breschard's French Circus and 1809 Walnut Street Amphitheater are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1810	Pepin & Breschard in New York. [1810 Pepin & Breschard in New York and 1810 Codet's Circus are one date. There was no Codet's Circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1810	Codet's Circus. (Clipper Dec 19 1874) [1810 Pepin & Breschard in New York and 1810 Codet's Circus are one date. There was no Codet's Circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1810	Cayetano and Cos' At Newburyport Mass. May 3 (Front page Clipper Apr 2, 1881)
1810	Boston Circus Mr Bell equestrian & Mr Ricketts, clown and M. Davis Equestrian. [Boston Circus refers to Davis & Co. - Stuart Thayer]
1810	New York Circus Sept. 11 had Codet, Felix, Bell, etc. (Clipper Dec. 19, 1874) [New York Circus is Pepin & Breschard. - Stuart Thayer]
1811	Pepin & Breschard at New York.
1811	Olympic on Walnut Street Philadelphia opened Jan. 1 for Circus. (Clipper Annual 1874) [Olympic on Walnut Street opened Jan. 1; it actually closed on Jan. 1. - Stuart Thayer]
1812	Breschard's Circus in New York Cor Broadway & White Sts. (N. Y. Post)
1812	Cayetano, Codet, Menial & Redon's Circus Boston and N. Y.
1812	Pepin & Breschard York, Pa. May. (Clipper)
1813	Pepin, Breschard and Cayetano in New York.
1814	Vilalliaves Company of acrobats, clowns, wire walkers in N. Y. [Villalave's Company was a hall show. - Stuart Thayer]
1815	American Circus in Haymarket Place, Boston. (N. Y. Clipper March 6, 1886)
1815	Mr. La Conta and Master Duffee Circus at Chillicothe, O. (Weekly Recorder Aug. 2) [LaConta and Duffie were with Cayetano & Co. Circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1815	Mrs. Mestayer performed on wire in Boston. (W. W. Clapp's Record of the Boston Stage p 142) [Mrs. Mestayer presented a hall show. - Stuart Thayer]
1816	Pepin & Co. in Philadelphia with T. West and spotted pony (first in Am.) (C. H. Day in Billboard Dec. 29, 1906) [Pepin & Co. in Philadelphia with J. West, not T. West, and 1816 James West's Circus are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1816	James Wests Circus in Boston & Philadelphia. [Pepin & Co. in Philadelphia and 1816 James West's Circus are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1817	James West's Circus at N. Y. Aug. 21 and at Boston. (Greenwoods Book p 111)
1817	Gaetano's Circus was destroyed by a mob in New Orleans and fled to Cuba. Said to have been there several years. [Gaetano's Circus was destroyed by a mob is a false statement. - Stuart Thayer]
1818	Broadway Circus between Hester & Broome sts N. Y. City. [Broadway Circus in New York and 1818 Pepin's Circus in New York are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1818	Vilalliaves Co. at Boston, Mass., July 17 (cut man on rope). At Worchester, Mass., Aug. 14-17, with wife, Menial & Begodes the clown (Columbian Sentinel Boston July 15)
1818	Pepins Circus at New York. [Broadway Circus in New York and 1818 Pepin's Circus in New York are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1819	Pepin's Circus at New York May 17. (Greenwoods p 113)
1819	Circus benefit for Campbell the clown Sept. 25. (Boston Intelligencer) [Circus benefit and 1819 Amphitheater Washington Gardens are same date (Pepin & Co.). - Stuart Thayer]
1819	Amphitheatre Washington Gardens, Tremont St. Boston. Opened as Circus. (Clipper Annual 1874)[Circus benefit and 1819 Amphitheater Washington Gardens are same date (Pepin & Co.). - Stuart Thayer]
1820	James West's Circus at New York. (Greenwoods p 115)
1820	Elephant and Lion exhibition at Mr. Waterhouses Main Street. (Handbill Sept. 19-20 1820)
1821	Mead's Circus [there is no evidence of a Mead's Circus in 1821. - Stuart Thayer]
1821	John Miller sells animals and circus property to Gerald and Thad Crane. (Bill of sale Lunenbergh, Va., F 14, 1821)
1822	James West's Circus
1823	Price and Simpson's Circus (Bought out James West) had Hunter the English Rider. [Price & Simpson's Circus and 1823 Broadway Circus are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1823	Broadway Circus had Master Turner, Blythe, still Vaulter Yeaman. (Clipper Apr. 30, 1870) [1823 Price & Simpson's Circus and 1823 Broadway Circus are one date. - Stuart Thayer]
1823	Grand Menagerie of Living Animals. (ad in Evening Gazette, Boston, Feb. 8)
1823	Hunter's Circus opened March 18 at Hartford, Conn. (Clipper Annual 1874)
1824	Price and Simpson's Circus with Hunter the equestrian (James). [Price & Simpson's Circus and 1824 Broadway Circus are the same troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1824	June, Titus, Angevine & Co's Menagerie "Zoological Institute," (Obit of Jesse Smith) [June, Titus & Angevine did not exist in 1824. - Stuart Thayer]
1824	Van Amburgh's Menagerie [Van Amburgh's Menagerie did not exist in 1824. - Stuart Thayer]
1824	Grand Caravan of Living Animals. (Evening Gazette, Boston, Jan. 24)
1824	Samuel C. Parson's Circus with Tippo Sultan. First bull elephant in America. [Samuel C. Parson's Circus was a building, not a troupe. Tippo Sultan was not the first bull elephant in America. - Stuart Thayer]
1824	John Robinson's Circus reported as having started. (No proof ever found) [John Robinson's Circus didn't exist in 1824. - Stuart Thayer]
1824	Broadway Circus New York between Hester and Broome Sts. [1824 Price & Simpson's Circus and 1824 Broadway Circus are the same troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1825	Robertson's Circus Scenic Phantasmagorio. (Evening Gazette, Boston, Oct. 29)
1825	Elephant Show etc. (Evening Gazette, Boston, Dec. 17)
1825	Bancker's (James) Circus. (N Y. Clipper S 19, 1874) [ Bancker's Circus and 1825 William West's Circus were the same troupe (not named West's). - Stuart Thayer]
1825	Price and Simpson's Circus
1825	Nathan Howes Circus bought old "Bet" elephant from Hack Bailey. (C. H. Day in Billboard Dec. 22, 1906)
1825	William West's Circus (NY Clipper Dec 18 1875) [ 125 Bancker's Circus and 1825 William West's Circus were the same troupe (not named West's). - Stuart Thayer]
1825	Olympic Circus, 9th & Walnut, Philadelphia, Aug. 29, with S. P. Stickney and Joe Cowell. (N. Y. Clipper, Mar. 31, 1877) [Olympic Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1825	Lafayette Circus, New York had Hunter (B Eq) August. (Greenwoods p 116) [Lafayette Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1825	Parsons Circus. (Samuel C.) [Parson's Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1826	Buckley's Circus with Eaton Stone Eq. [Buckley's Circus didn't exist, he was with Price & Simpson. - Stuart Thayer]
1826	Price and Simpson's
1826	Parson's Circus [Parson's Circus and 1826 N. Pearl St. Circus were the same building; not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1826	Blanchard's Circus. (T. A. Brown's History)
1826	Quick and Mead's Circus with Levi J. North Eq. (C. H. Day in Billboard, Dec. 29, 1906)
1826	Howes (Nathan) and Turner (Aaron).
1826	Olympic Circus Philadelphia (T. A. Brown in Clipper, Mr. 18, 1911)
1826	Broadway Circus New York Greenwood's Book [Broadway Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1826	Circus at Salem, Mass. (Clipper Annual 1874)
1826	Mt. Pitt Circus, New York built by General E. W. Sandford on Grand St. (Greenwood's Book p 118 - N. Y. Clipper Mar. 25, 1911) [Mt. Pitt Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1826	Broadway Circus New York (Greenwood's Book)
1826	N. Pearl Street Circus Albany, N. Y. Opened Feb. 14. [1826 Parson's Circus and 1826 N. Pearl St. Circus were the same building; not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1826	Jeremiah Fogg and Co. (& Gerard Quick) (John Dingess)
1827	Blanchard's Circus
1827	Parson's Circus
1827	Blythe's Circus opened at Savannah, Ga., Jan. 13, (Clipper Annual 1874) [Blythe's Circus didn't exist; this was Price & Simpson. - Stuart Thayer]
1827	Ben Brown's Circus with Master Proctor Eqs. (New York Clipper 1875)
1827	Wooden Circus building on Sycamore between 3rd and 4th Cincinnati opens. (Clipper Annual 1874)
1827	Fogg and Stickney, Jeremiah Fogg & Co. (Clipper March 31, 1877)
1827	Mt. Pitt Circus on Grand St. N. Y. [Mt. Pitt Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1827	Philadelphia, Pa., Circus (had Spencer rider, Hunter, rope; Buckley Clown. (Bill June 5, 1827) [Philadelphia, Pa. Circus was Price & Simpson. - Stuart Thayer]
1827	Stewart's Circus. (John Dingess Book)
1828	Fogg & Stickney, Jeremiah Fogg & Co.
1828	Aron Turner's Circus
1828	Ira Cole's Circus
1828	Blanchard's Mount Pitt Circus, New York.
1828	Purdy Welch and Co.
1828	Buckley & Wicks (Weeks?), 40 horses, 8 wagons, 75 ft. Round Top. (Green Wood p 133) [Buckley & Wicks (Weeks) did not exist until 1835. - Stuart Thayer]
1828	John Miller's Circus at Pittsburgh, Pa., Sept. 30. (Mr. Minnich, Sol Lipman, Mose Lipman) [John Miller's Circus at Pittsburgh was actually J. Purdy Brown's Circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1828	Purdy Brown's Circus
1828	Vilallave's Company at Savannah, Ga., in Jan. (Savannah Republican) [Vilallave's Company was a hall show. - Stuart Thayer]
1828	June and Titus National Menagerie
1828	Washington Circus opened Sept. 1st at Philadelphia. (Clipper Annual 1874)
1828	Stewart's Circus do
1828	Jeremiah Fogg & Co. do - [probably indicates John Dingess book]
1829	Sandford's Mt. Pitt Circus in N. Y. Burned.
1829	Purdy Brown's Circus
1829	Handy & Welch's
1829	Asa T. Smith & Ben Brown's Circus (C. H. Day in Billboard, Dec. 29, 1906) (Rowes Memories)
1829	June & Titus National Menagerie
1829	Vilallave's Company at Saratoga, N. Y., July 7. (Per Saratoga Sentinel)
1829	Saunder's Circus & A. L. Nellis armless wonder. (Nat'l. Intell. Wash., D. C., June 4th) [Saunder's Circus was not a troupe, but an armless man in hall shows. (Saunders Nellis). - Stuart Thayer]
1829	Bowery Theater Circus
1829	National Circus at Cincinnati, O.
1829	Fogg & Stickney (John Dingess book)
1829	Stewart's Circus do
1829	Louis Bailey & Oscar Brown's Circus do [Louis Bailey & Oscar Brown's Circus did not exist until 1834. - Stuart Thayer]
1829	Raymond & Waring's Menagerie started. do
1829	Macomber & Co.'s Menagerie (Hand Bill Portland, Me. July 4th)
1830	Handy & Welch's Circus
1830	Jas. W. Bancker's Circus
1830	G. Blanchard's Amphitheatre, N. Y. (New York Post)
1830	Purdy Brown's Circus
1830	Asa T. Smith's Circus (Rowe's Memories)
1830	Aron Turner's Circus used 90 ft. round top. (C. H. Day in Billboard, Dec. 29, 1906) [Aron Turner's Circus used 90 ft. round top is incorrect. - Stuart Thayer]
1830	Raymond & Warings' Circus and Menagerie (2 companies) (Clipper notes 1870) [Raymond & Waring's Circus and menagerie did not exist in 1830. - Stuart Thayer]
1830	Grand Combination Circus (Clipper March 16, 1912) [[Grand Combination Circus didn't exist in 1830. - Stuart Thayer]
1830	The Zoological Institute. Ira Cole prop. & Seth B. Howes starting out. [There was no Zoological Institute in 1830. - Stuart Thayer]
1830	Nathan Howes Circus (John Dingess Book)
1830	Stewart's Circus do [Stewart's Circus didn't exist in 1830. - Stuart Thayer]
1830	Fogg & Stockney do [Fogg & Stickney didn't exist in 1830. - Stuart Thayer]
1830	Purdy Welch & Co. [Purdy, Welch & Co. didn't exist in 1830. - Stuart Thayer]
1830	Macomber & Co. Circus at Indianapolis, Ind. (Billboard Feb. 3, 1940) [Macomber & Co. was a menagerie, not a circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1831	Vilallave's Circus Albany N. Y. (Albany Argus April 28) [Vilallave's was a hall show, not a circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1831	Richmond Hill Circus in New York. (N. Y. Post) [Richmond Hill Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1831	Purdy Brown's Circus
1831	G. B. & W. Blanchard's at Chatham Gardens. (N. Y. Post)
1831	Asa T. Smith's Circus (Rowe's Memories)
1831	American National Caravan Menagerie at Easton, Pa., Sept. 8. (Poster in American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass.)
1831	Nathan Howes' Circus
1831	Sweet, Potter & Hazelton (John Dingess Book)
1831	Stewart's Circus [Stewart's circus was the Tremont Circus Co. - Stuart Thayer]
1831	Macombers Menagerie
1831	A. Turner's Columbian Company, with Master R. Sands, clown. (Providence Journal (R. 1) Aug. 5, 1831)
1832	Jas. W. Bancker's Circus (T. A. Brown's History)
1832	Purdy Brown's Circus
1832	Wilde's Circus with George J. Cadwallader equestrian (Grenroy's) [Glenroy?] [There is no record (except Glenroy's) of Wilde's Circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1832	The Animal Caravan (probably the Zoological Institute) (Bill in T. Walsh Collection)
1832	Asa T. Smith's Circus (Rowe's Memories)
1832	Boston Circus, Callahan, Johnson, H. Madigan riders and Geo. Stone clown. [Boston Circus performed at Richmond Hill, a building. - Stuart Thayer]
1832	New Washington Circus opened at Philadelphia, Dec. 28. (Clipper Annual 1874) [New Washington Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1832	Richmond Hill Circus N. Y. Hood on wire, Stokes on rope, and Sig. Perez. (N. Y. Post) [Richmond Hill, a building. - Stuart Thayer]
1832	Levi J. North with Circus at Cincinnati, O.
1832	Burgess' Menagerie (Brockville Ontario Recorder, May 31 )
1832	Menagerie at Peale's Museum N. Y. cut of Rhino. (Ad in N. Y. Traveler, March 15) [Menagerie at Peale's Museum had no live animals. - Stuart Thayer]
1832	Menagerie in Boston with elephant "Romeo" from Calcutta. (Boston Morning Post Feb. 3)
1832	Benedict & Eldred
1832	Sweet, Potter and Hazelton.
1832	Stewart's Circus
1832	Fogg and Stickney
1833	Purdy, Welch & Co. (Albany, N. Y. Argus)
1833	Asa T. Smith's Circus (Rowe's Memories)
1833	Purdy Brown's Circus
1833	The Philadelphia Circus at Lancaster, Ohio. Sept. 13. (Old Herald)
1833	Jos. Palmer's Circus (Rowe's Memories)
1833	Circus opened at Columbia, S. C., Nov. 4, first one there. (Clipper Annual 1874) [Circus at Columbia, SC, was not the first circus in Columbia. - Stuart Thayer]
1833	Gregory, Waring, Crane, Tufts and Co.'s Menagerie. (Albany, N. Y. Argus)
1833	Richmond Hill Circus at N. Y. S. B. Howes. Eq. dir., J. W. Bancker; mgr., Eaton Stone. (Bill in T. Walsh Coll.)
1833	Southwarck Circus Philadelphia, J. & T. Nathans, E. Stone etc. Tippo Sultan big elephant. [Southwarck Circus was a building, not a troupe. - Stuart Thayer]
1833	Sweet, Potter and Hazelton. (John Dingess Book)
1833	Fogg & Stickney
1833	Hopkins Circus. Obit Frank Thomas (Clipper 3-14 or 19, 1898) [Hopkins Circus was a menagerie. - Stuart Thayer]
1833	Brown & Bailey's Menagerie and Splendid Circus at Indianapolis, Ind. (Billboard Feb. 3, 1940)
1833	Raymond and Ogden's Menagerie of wild beasts & birds at Danville, Va., April 15, 1833. (Clipper Mar- 8, 1873)
1834	Macomber, Welch and Co. (Bill in T. Walsh Coll.) Higham, Mass., Aug. 22, 1834. Elephant "Siam"
1834	Waring, Tufts & Co.'s Menagerie (Springfield, Mass., Republican, April 19)
1834	Jos. Palmer's Circus
1834	Purdy Brown's Circus
1834	J. R. & W. Rowes' Circus and Menagerie (Clipper May 20, 1876)
1834	June, Titus & Angevines' Menagerie (Clipper Dec. 6, 1873) [June, Titus & Angevine and Zoological Institute with Van Amburgh were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1834	Zoological Institute with Van Amburgh 37 Bowery (N. Y. Post) [June, Titus & Angevine and Zoological Institute with Van Amburgh were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1834	Menagerie at 53 Bowery, N. Y. (N. Y. Post)
1834	Peter Coty's Circus (Rowe's Memories)
1834	Sweet Potter and (John Dingess Book)
1834	Fogg & Stickney do
1834	Bailey & Howe's Menagerie do [Bailey & Howes refers to Bailey Howes, a menagerie manager. - Stuart Thayer]
1834	Napoleon Bonaparte Turner (Clipper 4-1-1930) [Napoleon B. Turner was a performer with Aron Turner Circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1835	Buckley, Weeks & Co.'s Circus (cut shows 14 horse act) (Albany, N. Y., Argus May 11)
1835	Bancker & Harrington Circus
1835	Nathan Howes & Co.'s Circus
1835	Aron Turner's Circus (Clipper Apr. 18, 1875) [Aron Turner's Circus was titled June & Turner. - Stuart Thayer]
1835	Jos. Palmer's Circus (Glenroy's Book)
1835	June, Titus & Angevine (C. H. Day Billboard Dec. 29, 1906)
1835	Brown (Purdy) & Lents' (Louis B.) [Brown (Purdy) died in 1834. - Stuart Thayer]
1835	Raymond's Menagerie
1835	Lion Circus (Clipper Mar. 17, 1883) [Lion Circus didn't exist in 1835. - Stuart Thayer]
1835	Buchard & Cranly (Rowe's Memories)
1835	Zoological Institute with Van Amburgh (Noel E. Waring Mgr.) (New York Post) (Route Book)
1835	French & Hobby (Dingess)
1835	Fogg & Stickney [Fogg & Stickney didn't exist in 1835. - Stuart Thayer]
1835	Macomber, Welch & Co. (Route Book Zoo Inst.)
1835	Waring, Tufts & Co. (Belfast, Me., paper July 2)
1836	Buckley, Weeks & Co. (Rowe's Memoirs) [Buckley, Weeks & Co. and Lion Circus were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1836	Lion Circus (Albany, N. Y. Argus, Aug. 22-25)
1836	Zoological Institute with Van Amburgh (Clipper Apr. 19, 1873)
1836	Wm. A. Delevan's Circus opens at Philadelphia Dec. 7. Front and Laural Sts. [Wm. A. Delevan's Circus opened in Baltimore, not Philadelphia. - Stuart Thayer]
1836	Aron Turner's Circus, P. T. Barnum Treas. (Clipper Oct. 21, 1865)
1836	Oscar Stone's Circus (C. H. Day Billboard Dec. 29, 1906) [Oscar Stone's Circus didn't exist. Reference is to Hoadley & Latham. - Stuart Thayer]
1836	Great Elephant Menagerie Circus
1836	Jos. Palmer's Circus (Glenroy's Book)
1836	Brown and Lents, (Purdy Brown died and succeeded by Oscar Brown)
1836	June, Titus and Angevine
1836	Thos. Cooke's Circus arrived from England and opens in New Building in Philadelphia. Later in N. Y. (Greenwood p 130) [Thos. Cooke's Circus opened in New York, not Philadelphia. - Stuart Thayer]
1836	Noel E. Waring Menagerie get Van Amburgh and 6 lions (Clipper Apr. 17, 1875)
1836	Burgess & Dexter's Menagerie burned on S. S. Royal Tar, Penobscot Bay, Oct. 24-25.
1836	Bancker & Sweet's Circus broken by Zoo Inst. Opposition (Clipper March 2, 1912)
1836	Boston Arena Circus Co. played Chicago, Ill., Nov. 1-5. (Scholl's Records)
1836	French and Hobby [French & Hobby were on road in 1835. - Stuart Thayer]
1836	Fogg & Stickney
1837	Buckley & Week's (Rowe's Memories) [Buckley & Weeks didn't exist in 1837. - Stuart Thayer]
1837	Thos. Cooke's Circus at Boston (Clipper June 28, 1873)
1837	Purdy Welch & Macomber with Van Amburgh (Albany Argus May 12)
1837	June, Titus & Angevines Circus Monopoly broken by panic. (C. H. Day Billboard Dec. 29, 1906) [June, Titus & Angevine reference is not a true statement. - Stuart Thayer]
1837	Hoadley & Latham's New York Arena (W. School record)
1837	Brown & Lent [Brown & Lent was actually Brown & Co. - Stuart Thayer]
1837	Raymond & Waring's Circus & Menagerie
1837	Ira Cole and Co.'s
1837	Zoological Institute (N. Y. Post)
1837	Jos. Palmer's Circus (Glenroy's Book)
1837	Boston Circus Special performance for Texians (Clipper May 27, 1876)
1837	Gil N. Eldred applied for Chicago license (W. Scholl records)
1837	Fogg and Stickney [Fogg & Stickney didn't exist in 1837. - Stuart Thayer]
1837	H. K. Fuller, Tewksbury, Mass., Apr. 25-26 (Billboard May 15, 1937)
1837	Harris Menagerie [There is no known record of a Harris Menagerie. - Stuart Thayer]
1837	Miller and Yates [Miller & Yates true title was Yale & Sands. - Stuart Thayer]
1838	The Zoological Institute (N. Y. Post)
1838	Cooke's Circus (Clipper Apr 1 1911)
1838	Bacon & Derious Circus. Had old John Robinson and Hernandez on the program. (Glenroy's Book)
1838	Buckley, Hopkins & Co at Philadelphia. [Bucckley, Hopkins & Co.'s true title was Buckley, Rockwell, Hopkins & Co. - Stuart Thayer]
1838	Cole, Miller, Yale, & Cos at St. Louis
1838	Lion Circus and Menagerie at Cincinnati O. Dec 5th (Old Bill and Clipper Nov 30 1872)
1838	Van Amburgh's Menagerie
1838	Warings' Menagerie & Circus. Joe Blackburn (Day BB Dec 29 '06)
1838	June Titus & Angevine (Albert Townsend worked elephant "Siam" (do)
1838	James Raymond's Menagerie
1838	John Miller & Co's Circus received Chicago License here for Oct 3rd (W Scholl's records)
1838	Brown & Lent also Brown's Circus per bill in Harvard Library
1838	Peter Coty's Circus in West Indies (Rowes memoires)
1838	Fogg & Stickney (Note says they were in business since 1827)
1838	Ira Cole's Zoological Institute [Ira Cole's Zoological Institute's true title was Cole, Miller, Yale & Co. and Yale, Sands & Co. was actually Yale, Miller, Sands & Co. and they were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1838	Yale, Sands and Co at Louisville Ky Jan 25 (Clipper Ap 8 1873) [Ira Cole's Zoological Institute's true title was Cole, Miller, Yale & Co. and Yale, Sands & Co. was actually Yale, Miller, Sands & Co. and they were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1838	Macomber and Handy with Giraffe Higham Mass 9-15-1838
1838	Rockwell's Circus (CHDay NY Paper 78) [Rockwell's Circus didn't exist in 1838. - Stuart Thayer]
1838	Benshly & Stone (Newberg Mass Herald 8-10-38)
1838	A Turner & Co (Newberyport Mass Herald 8-10-'38) [A. Turner & Co. and Turner Sons & Co. were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1838	Turner Sons and Cos American Arena at Belfast Me (history City of Belfast Williamson 1877) [A. Turner & Co. and Turner Sons & Co. were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1839	The Zoological Institute [The Zoological Institute didn't exist in 1839. - Stuart Thayer]
1839	Buckley, Hopkins, Tufts & Cos' Circus (Phila Public Ledger)
1839	Bacon & Derious Circus sold in June to R Welch & Bartlett (Glenroy's Book) & Derious Circus sold in June to R Welch & Bartlett (Glenroy's Book)
1839	Noell E Warings' Menagerie
1839	Jos M Hobbys' Circus & Giraffe exhibition at Harrisburg, Pa (Keystone Advertiser July 24)
1839	John Robinson's Circus had Dan Rice (Clipper Apr 17 1875)
1839	Van Amburghs' in England and France
1839	June, Titus and Angevine Menagerie and Circus
1839	James Raymond's Menagerie (had 4 elephant team on band wagon) (C H Day in BB Dec 29 1906)
1839	Howes and Sands applied for Chicago License (W Scholl record)
1839	Rowe and Perez (In S, A, & W I up to 1845 (Rowes memories)
1839	Aron Turner, Sons and Co. (News ad per C Bernard)
1839	Nathan Howes Circus [Nathan Howes' Circus didn't exist in 1839. - Stuart Thayer]
1839	Raymond and Waring
1839	Broadway Circus [Broadway Circus was Welch & Bartlett - Stuart Thayer]
1839	S H Nichols Victory Arena and Great Western Circus (Jno Dingess)
1839	Fogg & Stickney
1840	Welch and Bartlett's Broadway Circus at Hingham Mass 4-25-1840 (Glenroy's Book)
1840	Ludlow & Smith's Circus (Clipper Aug 15 1903)
1840	Jos M Hobby's New York Circus
1840	Driesbach's Menagerie (Clipper Apr 17 1875) [Driesbach's Menagerie didn't exist in 1840. - Stuart Thayer]
1840	June, Titus & Angevine (had Giraffee) do
1840	Sam H Nichols Great Western Circus
1840	Mabie Bros. (Seth B Howes mgr)
1840	Robinson & Eldred (Gil Robinson says this firm lasted 1840-1855) [Robinson & Eldred didn't exist in 1840; correct title was Robinson & Foster. - Stuart Thayer]
1840	Broadway Circus (N Y Post)
1840	New York National Menagerie
1840	Raymond & Waring's Circus (Phila. Public Ledger)
1840	Rogers Shay and Mateer (organized Cincinnati O - Dingess)
1840	Fogg & Stickney
1840	Alva Mann & Co's Indian Exhibition (Hartford Conn. Papers) [Alvah Mann Indian Exhibition was not a circus. - Stuart Thayer]
1841	Welch & Bartlett's Circus (Glenroys book) [Welch & Bartlett actual title was Bartlett & Delavan. - Stuart Thayer]
1841	Raymond & Waring's Menagerie & Circus (Clipper Apr 8 1911 ) [Raymond & Waring didn't exist in 1841. - Stuart Thayer]
1841	June, Titus & Angevine (W Howes mgr had Giraffe) (Herald and Newspaper ads Portland Me June 9-10) [June, Titus & Angevine and Bowery Amphitheater Circus were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1841	S H Nichols Circus at Kitanning Oct 13
1841	Mabie Bros. (Seth B Howes mgr) [Mabie Bros. true title was Howes & Mabie. - Stuart Thayer]
1841	New York Circus
1841	Stone and McCollom's Circus (Clipper Aug 15 1903) [Stone & McCollum's Circus didn't exist in 1841. - Stuart Thayer]
1841	Bowery Amphitheatre Circus (N Y Post) [June, Titus & Angevine and Bowery Amphitheater Circus were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1841	St Charles Circus in New Orleans La (Clipper 1877) [St. Charles Circus was a building. - Stuart Thayer]
1841	Cincinnati Circus (Bill in Howard Lib)
1841	Fogg & Stickney
1841	Ludlow & Smith
1842	Bowery Amphitheatre Circus (Nathan Howes mgr)
1842	Rufus Welch's Circus (Welch & Mann) (Glenroy)
1842	June, Titus & Angevine & Cos. Circus L B Lent Mgr (Route Book)
1842	S H Nichols Circus (Clipper Apr 17 1875)
1842	Aron Turner's Columbian Circus (C H Day B B Dec 29, 1906)
1842	Mabie Bros (S B Howes mgr & Partner) [Mabie Bros. true title was Howes & Mabie. - Stuart Thayer]
1842	Nathan Howes Road Show
1842	D Ogden & Hobby's Circus (Phila Pub Ledger)
1842	Hobby & Prath Circus do
1842	Sands and Lent in England
1842	Ludlow and Smith
1843	Welch & Mans' Circus #1 (Glenroy)
1843	Welch & Mann's Circus #2 do
1843	John Tryon's Bowery Circus
1843	Nathan Howes Circus (Clipper Apr 15 1911)
1843	Van Amburgh's Circus & Menagerie (Clipper Dec 30 1876)
1843	Isaac Burtis Circus [Isaac Burtis Circus left no record. - Stuart Thayer]
1843	Hobby & Pratt [Hobby & Pratt didn't exist in 1843. - Stuart Thayer]
1843	June, Titus & Angevine (Bill in T Walsh Coll.)
1843	S. H. Nicols & Co. At Chicago Aug 4-7 (W Scholl Records)
1843	Mabie Bros S B Howes mgr [Mabie Bros. true title was Howes & Mabie. - Stuart Thayer]
1843	Rockwell & Stone (Glenroy's book)
1843	Raymond & Co. (4 elephants to car) [Raymond & Co. title was Raymond, Weeks & Co. - Stuart Thayer]
1843	Rich's Circus [Rich's Circus didn't exist in 1843. - Stuart Thayer]
1843	Prise and North
1843	Sands and Lent (in England)
1844	Welch's Circus (Glenroy's Book) [Welch's Circus was titled Welch & Mann. - Stuart Thayer]
1844	Rockwell & Stone's N Y Circus (Clipper Apr 17 1875)
1844	Mabie Bros [Mabie Bros. true title was Howes & Mabie. - Stuart Thayer]
1844	S H Nicols Great Western Circus
1844	Raymond's Circus (Phila. Public Ledger)
1844	Raymond and Co's Menagerie do
1844	Broadway Circus at Niblo's Garden (N Y Post)
1844	John Tryon's N. Y. Circus at 37 Bowery do
1844	Clayton & Bartlett's Circus
1844	Sam P Stickney's Circus (Clipper Sept 12 1874)
1844	Aron Turner's Circus (buys Menagerie of Jas June) (C H Day in Billboard Dec 29, 1906) [Aron Turner's Circus was titled June & Turner. - Stuart Thayer]
1844	Hopkins & Co's Menagerie (John Schaefer trainer) T Walsh Coll.
1844	Edmond Jones Menagerie
1844	Dauphine St. Circus (New Orleans S P Stickney mgr) (Clipper Apr 26 1873)
1844	Van Amburgh's (in England)
1844	Sands and Lent do
1844	Rich's Circus (Gil Robinson's Book) [Rich's Circus title was Rich & Rowe. - Stuart Thayer]
1844	Belding & Hunt's Menagerie (owned by Raymond & Waring) (J A Dingess Book) [Belding & Hunt's Menagerie didn't exist in 1844. - Stuart Thayer]
1845	Welch & Delevan #1 (Glenroy's book) [Welch & Delavan # 1 was Welch, Mann & Delavan. - Stuart Thayer]
1845	Welch & Delevan #2 do [Welch & Delavan # 2 was Welch, Delavan & Nathans. - Stuart Thayer]
1845	Rockwell & Stone and American Olympiad,(Clipper Mar 30 1878) (Daily Union Wash. D C 9-6-45)
1845	Van Amburgh's Menagerie in London. (Clipper Aug 23 1873)
1845	Howes & Garners Olympic Circus (Billboard Apr 30 1921) [Howes & Garner Circus was actually Howes & Mabie. - Stuart Thayer]
1845	Howes & Mabie (had Dan Rice) (C H Day Billboard D 29 '06)
1845	R Sands Circus in England
1845	S H Nichols Circus (owned by Dr G R Spalding)
1845	Ogden Weeks & Co's Menagerie (N Y Post)
1845	National Union Circus do
1845	Raymond & Waring's
1845	James Raymond's Menagerie (Clipper p799 1891)
1845	Edmond Jones' Menagerie (N Y Post)
1845	Bowery Amphitheatre Circus (Jno Tryon pr)
1845	Jos. Rowes' Circus (S. America and W Indies) (Rowes' Mem.) [Jos. Rowe's Circus and Rich's Circus were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1845	Rich's Circus (Gil Robinsons' Book) [Jos. Rowe's Circus and Rich's Circus were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1845	Belding & Hunts Menagerie (owned by Raymond & Waring) (Dingess)
1845	S. P. Stickney's Circus (Had Buckley's Minstrels) (Dingess)
1845	Bannigan & Kelleys Native American Show (Owned by Raymond and Waring) (Dingess)
1845	Hopkins' Menagerie
1846	Welch's Circus #1 (Glenroy's book) [Welch's Circus # 1 was titled Welch & Mann. - Stuart Thayer]
1846	Welch & Mann #2 (Clipper Jun 21 1873) [Welch's Circus # 2 was titled Welch, Mann & Delevan. - Stuart Thayer]
1846	Sands, Lent & Co. (N Y Post)
1846	Bowery Amphitheatre Circus (Mr Piquet R.M.)
1846	Van Amburgh's Menagerie (L B Lent Mgr)
1846	Rockwell & Stone's American Olympiad (Billboard Apr 30 1921) [Rockwell & Stone and Rockwell's Circus were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1846	Howes and Mabie
1846	Delevan's Circus (Clipper Apr 17 1875) [Delavan's Circus didn't exist. - Stuart Thayer]
1846	Raymond & Co's Menagerie do
1846	Rockwells' Circus (Clipper Oct 17 1874) [Rockwell & Stone and Rockwell's Circus were one and the same. - Stuart Thayer]
1846	Potter's Circus
1846	National Union Circus
1846	J O Howes [J. O. Howes Circus didn't exist. He was a manager. - Stuart Thayer]
1846	Barks & Archer (in S. America) (Clipper p 366 1859)
1846	Spalding's North American Circus (formerly S H Nichols)
1846	Thomas E Raymond's Southern Menagerie (Star 8 Knox Mgr) (James Raymond Owner) (Dingess)
1846	Raymond and Waring
1847	Welch's Circus (G Davenport mgr) (Glenroy's book)
1847	Welch & Delevan (Delevan Mgr) Wabash Ind Aug 16
1847	Howes and Mabie (Golden Chariot drawn by 20 horses) (C H Day Billboard Dec 29 1906) [Howes & Mabie didn't exist in 1847. - Stuart Thayer]
1847	Raymond and Waring (Tony Pastors' first engagement) (Billboard My 21 1914 Wabash Ind Mr 3 Jy 20)
1847	Howes and Co. (Clipper May 18 1875)
1847	June and Nathans Circus (in Chicago Sept.) (W Scholl's rec)
1847	Rockwell & Cos' Mammoth Circus (Chicago Sept 20-22) (Scholl) (Gardner, Rockwell & Banks)
1847	E F Mabie & Co's Grand Olympic Arena & U. S. Circus. Chicago May 22-25. (Wabash Ind Paper Sept 27) (Scholl)
1847	Van Amburgh's Menagerie (Phila. Public Ledger)
1847	Zoological Institute Menagerie Herr Driesbach Trainer (N Y Post) [Zoological Institute Menagerie was titled Raymond & Waring. - Stuart Thayer]
1847	Crane & Co's Oriental Circus (Clipper Apr 17 1875)
1847	Sands and Lent American Circus
1847	Aron Turner's Circus (had fake leather hippo) (Day BB D 29 '06) [Aron Turner's Circus was titled June & Turner. - Stuart Thayer]
1847	Barks & Archer in S. America
1847	Spalding's North American Circus (Wabash Ind Sep 17) (Indianapolis Ind BB 2 3 1940)
1847	Thomas E Raymond's Menagerie [Thomas E. Raymond was a manager, not a menagerie owner. - Stuart Thayer]
1847	Stone's Circus Belfort Me July 22-23 (Hist of Belfast Me)
1848	Welch Mann and Delevan (Clipper Apr 17 1875) [Welch, Mann & Delavan was titled Welch's National. - Stuart Thayer]
1848	Welch, Delevan & Nathans (J M Bancker Mgr.) (W Scholl) Chicago Aug 30-Sept 2. Norwalk Ohio Sept 26.
1848	Ed F & Jerry Mabie's Circus Chicago May 8-10 (W Scholl) Grand Olympic Arena and U S Circus Wabash Ind. Oct 6
1848	Zoological Institute (Herr Driesbach Tr.) (Phila. Public Ledger)
1848	P T Barnum's Oriental Caravan (Howes & Co Mgrs) [P. T. Barnum's Caravan didn't exist in 1848. - Stuart Thayer]
1848	Rockwell & Co's Circus
1848	Sands Lent & Co's Circus. (Clipper My 28 1874)
1848	Crane & Co's Oriental Circus (Billboard Apr 30 1921)
1848	Spalding's Circus do [Spalding's Circus was titled Spalding & Rogers. - Stuart Thayer]
1848	Dan Rice's Circus (Glenroys book)
1848	Stone & McCollum's Great Western Circus (Clipper Ap 29 1871)
1848	Raymond & Waring's Mammoth Menagerie (Chicago June 5-7 (Scholl)
1848	Jones, Stickney and North
1848	Aron Turner's Circus. (Clipper Apr 17 1875) [Aron Turner's Circus was titled June & Turner. - Stuart Thayer]
1848	June (John), Titus (Lewis), Angevine (Sutton), & Jerry (Crane) L B Lent Mgr. (These four men owned Van Amburgh show this year and Lewis June son of John June started business this year.
1848	New Broadway Circus (John Tryon & Cpl Thompson Prs)
1848	Barks and Archer (in South America)
1848	Van Amburgh's Menagerie
1848	Thos E Raymond's Menagerie
1849	Welch's Circus #1
1849	Welch, Delevan and Nathans
1849	Sands, Lent & Co's Circus (a Manchester NH Ad Democrat Ag 23) (R Sands at Belfort Me Aug 6) (Westerly RI 4 19)
1849	Spaulding & Rogers North American Circus Wabash Ind Sep 26 (Clipper Apr 17 1875)
1849	A Turner & Co's Circus (Dr E Ganung of Brewster NY Mgr.) (GSCole BB Ag 13 '04) (On the bills of Geo F Bailey Circus 1870 it is remarked 22 anuual tour-BIL of A Turner)
1849	Crane & Co's Oriental Circus Q M Nixon Mgr) Chi July (Scholl)
1849	Stone and McCollum (CHDay Billboard Dec 29 1906)
1849	Dan Rice's Circus (Glenroy)
1849	Robinson & Eldreds N Y Circus (Clipper Apr 17 1875) (Statement of Robinson & Foster having a circus before this is unconfirmed)
1849	Barnum's Oriental Caravan (Howes & Co Prs) (Lebanon Pa Courier Aug 22.) [P.T. Barnum's Caravan didn't exist in 1849. - Stuart Thayer]
1849	Carroll & Co's Mammoth Circus (Clipper May 17 1873) [Carroll & Co. didn't exist in 1849. - Stuart Thayer]
1849	Raymond and Van Amburgh (CHDay Billboard Dec 29 1906) [Raymond & Van Amburgh was titled Raymond & Co. - Stuart Thayer]
1849	Raymond and Waring's Menagerie (Phila. Public Ledger)
1849	G C Quick's Menagerie
1849	Jim Myer's American Circus (Phila Public Ledger)
1849	E F & J Mabie's Circus in Chicago May 2-5 (W Scholl's Rec)
1849	Jas A Rowe's Olympic Circus in California (Rowe's Mem.)
1849	Astor Place Circus (in New York)
1849	Van Amburgh & Co's Menagerie
1849	Barks & Archer (in S. America)
1849	European Circus (Wabash Ind Paper June 2)

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Abbreviations: Help with some of the abbreviations found in this listing:

BB = Billboard; S & T Jour/Journal - Sporting and Theatrical Journal.
do = ditto
Gt = Great; Cent = Central (e.g. Cent America). Many place names are abbreviated, e. g. Bost. for Boston, W. I. for West Indies.
Prs, pro = Proprietors
Circuses: RB for Ringling Bros., etc.
Months: My=May, Jy=July, S=September, N=November, D=December, etc.
Sources Sturtevant lists:
Bentley. The diary of William Bentley, D.D., pastor of the East Church, Salem, Massachusetts. By William Bentley, 4 volumes, Salem, Essex Institute 1905-1914.

Braathen. Private collection of Sverre O. Braathen. This collection is now largely at the Illinois State University, Bloomington, Illinois.

T. A. Brown's History. Brown, T. Allston, A history of the New York stage, from the first performance in 1732 to 1901, Publisher B. Blom, 1964, 3 volumes (first published, New York, 1903).

Chloupek records, Circus fan and collector James V. Chloupek took notices from scrapbooks and posters and supplied them to Sturtevant.

C A Day, Charles H. Day, circus press agent. He contributed articles to the New York Clipper, Billboard, New York Dramatic Mirror, and the Sporting and Theatrical Journal for over thirty-five years. Also penned several short volumes, such as Show Life.

Greenwood. Greenwood, Isaac J. The Circus: Its Origin and Growth prior to 1835, NY: Burt Franklin, 1970 (originally published 1898).

Glenroy's. John Glenroy, Ins and Outs of Circus Life, Boston, MA: M. M. Wing, 1885.

O'Dell's [sic]. Odell, George Clinton Densmore, Annals of the New York Stage, New York: Columbia University Press, 1927-1949, 15 volumes.

Scholl's. Private collection of Walter Scholl. Sholl's collection is now largely at Illinois State University, Bloomington, Illinois, but a second collection was dispersed piecemeal in the 1990s.

Gil Robinson. Gil Robinson, Old wagon show days, Cincinnati, OH: Brockwell Company, 1925.

Rowes Memories. Joseph Andrew Rowe, memoirs and personal correspondence relative to the circus business through the gold country in the 50's. Albert Dressler (Editor), California's Pioneer Circus,1926.

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